Progesterone is often referred to as the “pregnancy hormone,” but its role in women’s health goes far beyond that. This powerful hormone, naturally produced by the ovaries, plays a crucial part in regulating menstrual cycles, supporting pregnancy, and managing various gynecological issues. Understanding progesterone’s uses can empower women to make informed decisions, especially in cases where hormone therapy or supplementation might be recommended.

1. Balancing Menstrual Cycles

Irregular periods can be frustrating and often stem from hormonal imbalances. When progesterone levels drop, it can lead to missed periods, heavy bleeding, or even short cycles. Progesterone therapy is often prescribed to help balance these cycles, offering relief to women who struggle with irregular or painful periods.

2. Managing Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and PMDD

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and its more intense counterpart, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), can significantly impact a woman’s emotional and physical well-being. Progesterone in COCs plays a key role in alleviating symptoms like mood swings, anxiety, bloating, and breast tenderness.

3. Supporting Early Pregnancy

Progesterone is crucial during the early stages of pregnancy. It helps prepare the uterine lining for embryo implantation and supports the early development of the embryo. For women who have experienced recurrent miscarriages or are undergoing assisted reproductive techniques like IVF, progesterone supplements can improve pregnancy outcomes.

4. Treating Endometriosis

Endometriosis, a condition where the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, can lead to severe pain and fertility issues. Progesterone, in the form of tablets, injections, or intrauterine devices (IUDs), is often used to reduce endometrial growth, which in turn can relieve symptoms like pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, and discomfort during intercourse. By slowing down the growth of endometrial tissue, progesterone may help improve the quality of life in affected women.

5. Managing Menopausal Symptoms

As women approach menopause, progesterone levels naturally decrease, often leading to symptoms such as hot flashes, mood changes, and sleep disturbances. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), which often includes progesterone alongside estrogen, helps ease these symptoms. In addition to improving quality of life, progesterone in HRT also reduces the risk of estrogen-induced endometrial hyperplasia, protecting against uterine cancer. However, it is to be noted that HRT is used in very selected candidates.

6. Preventing Preterm Labour

For women at risk of preterm labor, progesterone plays an important role in maintaining pregnancy. Progesterone therapy, usually given in the form of injections or vaginal suppositories, can help reduce the risk of preterm birth by supporting the uterine environment and delaying labor until the baby reaches a safer stage of development.

Progesterone’s role in gynaecology is far-reaching and powerful. Whether it’s regulating menstrual cycles, managing menopause, or supporting a healthy pregnancy, this hormone is a cornerstone of women’s health. If you’re experiencing symptoms that may stem from hormonal imbalances, talk to your gynaecologist—progesterone therapy could be a key step towards feeling better.